STAINLESS STEEL DOUBLE END STUDS, END 1XD DIN 938

Double End Studs, end 1xd DIN 938 — Double End Studs to DIN 938 are threaded only at each end, with a plain unthreaded shank between them, and are intended to be driven permanently into a tapped hole at one end — leaving a free thread at the other to take a nut — rather than passing fully through like an all-thread stud. The defining feature of DIN 938 specifically is the length of the engagement end: approximately one diameter (1xd), which is the shorter of the two standard engagement lengths and is calibrated for tapping into steel or other higher-strength parent materials, where that shorter engagement is still enough to develop a joint at least as strong as the stud itself. That makes grade and parent material worth thinking about together rather than separately: a stud is only as good as the thread it's driven into, so DIN 938 is the right choice specifically when the tapped component is steel, cast steel, or another material of comparable strength — for a softer material such as grey cast iron, the longer 1.25xd engagement of DIN 939 is needed to achieve comparable joint strength, since a shorter thread in a weaker material is more likely to strip. Typical applications are flange joints, machine housings, pump and valve bodies, and pressure-retaining assemblies where a permanent stud gives a more reliable long-term seal and easier reassembly than a through-bolt, since the tapped end never needs to be disturbed during routine servicing. Grade selection for the stainless stud itself follows general logic: A2 for general indoor mechanical assembly, A4 where the joint is exposed to washdown, marine, or process chemical environments, particularly since these studs are often used in gasketed or sealed joints where long-term corrosion resistance protects the seal as much as the fastener. Diameter and thread pitch should match the tapped hole and the nut intended for the free end, with the stud's overall length chosen to suit the housing thickness plus the nut and any washer stack at the free end.

FAQs
What does the '1xd' designation mean on this stud?
It refers to the length of the tapped-hole engagement end relative to thread diameter — roughly one diameter's length — calibrated for the thread strength typically achieved when tapping into steel.

How does DIN 938 differ from DIN 939?
DIN 938 has a shorter engagement length (1xd), intended for tapping into steel, while DIN 939 has a longer engagement length (1.25xd), intended for materials such as grey cast iron that require greater thread engagement to achieve comparable joint strength.

Which end of a DIN 938 stud goes into the tapped hole?
The shorter 1xd engagement end is the one driven permanently into the tapped component; the longer plain shank and remaining thread project outward to take a nut, so the two ends aren't interchangeable despite both being threaded.